Web3 ke tlhabollo e latelang ea Marang-rang — e etselitsoeng hore e be le maemo, e be ea basebelisi, 'me e be pepeneneng. E entsoe ke Ethereum mothehi-'moho le eena Gavin Wood, lentsoe lena le bolela websaete ea blockchain-powered moo likopo le liforomo li sa laoloeng ke bolaoli bo bohareng empa ho e-na le hoo li sebetsoa hammoho ke basebelisi.
Motheong oa eona, Web3 e batla ho phephetsa puso ea linatla tsa theknoloji ka ho fetola taolo le botho ho batho ka bomong le sechabeng. Ho fapana le mohlala oa hajoale (Web2), moo lik'hamphani li laolang litaba, datha le ts'ebetso, Web3 e sebelisa li-ledgers le likonteraka tse bohlale ho aha litsamaiso tse sa tšepahaleng, tse sebelisanang tseo basebelisi ba ka li sebelisang le ho thusa ho li laola.
Khahleho ho Web3 e atile liindasteri ho tloha ka 2018 - e bonahala ka matsete a ntseng a eketseha, ts'ebetso e ntseng e hola ea bahlahisi, le ts'ebetso e ntseng e hola ea tikoloho. Litšebeletso tsa lichelete li etella pele tefiso, haholo-holo licheleteng tsa decentralized (DeFi), moo palo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea transaction e kileng ea feta $ 10 limilione tse likete. Leha ho le joalo, ho sa tsotellehe tsoelo-pele, kutloisiso ea sechaba e ntse e fokola.
Web1 le Web2 ke eng?
Ho utloisisa Web3, ho thusa ho sheba se tlileng pele.
Web1 (Bala Feela)
Websaete ea 1 (1990s–maqalong a lilemo tsa bo-2000) e ne e le mofuta oa pele oa Marang-rang. E ne e its'etleha ho liprothokholo tse bulehileng joalo ka HTTP le HTML, basebelisi ba bangata ba bala litaba tse sa fetoheng - nahana ka libaka tsa litaba kapa li-directory tsa mantlha tsa inthanete. E fane ka tšebelisano e fokolang empa e ralile motheo oa khokahanyo ea lefats'e.
Websaete ea 2 (Bala le ho Ngola)
Websaete ea 2 (bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-2000–hona joale) e hlahisitse litaba tse hlahisoang ke basebelisi le lifolakha tsa litaba tsa sechaba. Facebook, Twitter (hona joale ke X), le Wikipedia li lumelletse batho ho arolelana, ho sebelisana, le ho theha marang-rang. Leha ho le joalo, karolo ena e ne e le matla a bohareng - data, litaba, le taolo li ile tsa notleloa ka har'a sethala se koetsoeng. Linatla tsa theknoloji tse kang Google, Meta, le Amazon tse kopantseng lintlha tsa basebelisi, boitšoaro ba ho etsa chelete ka lipapatso tse shebiloeng, le melao ea sethala ntle le pepenene. Websaete, ha e kile ea aroloa, e ile ea hōla e itšetlehile ka balebeli ba liheke ba mekhatlo ba nang le lisebelisoa tsa motheo, li-algorithms, esita le mokhoa oa ho aba.
Web 3 (Bala, Ngola le ho Rua)
Websaete ea 3 (bokamoso bo nahanoang) ke mohato o latelang o nahanoang oa inthanete-o hahiloe holim'a li-blockchains ho khaola batho ba bohareng. Sebakeng sa hore sethala se be le data ea hau le ho laola melao, matla a fetoha ho basebelisi: u na le boitsebiso ba hau ba dijithale, thepa (joalo ka crypto kapa NFTs), esita le ho fumana polelo mabapi le hore na lits'ebetso li fetoha joang. Nahana ka mecha ea litaba ea sechaba ntle le hore Meta e fokotsehe, litefo ntle le libanka, le sechaba se tsamaisang marang-rang ka kopanelo - likhoutu feela le marang-rang a pharalletseng.
Ke Mahlale afe a Tšehetsang Web3?
Web3 e tsamaisoa ke sehlopha sa mahlale a hokahaneng a blockchain a thehang litsamaiso tse arolelanoeng, tse sa tšepahaleng, le tse hlophisehang. Likarolo tsena li sebetsa 'moho ho etsa hore litšebelisano tse pepeneneng, tse se nang tumello - ntle le balebeli ba liheke tse bohareng.
bolokong Chain
Motheo oa Web3: li-ledgers tse arolelanoang ka har'a naha tse rekotang litšebelisano ho marang-rang a phatlalalitsoeng. Ha ho mokhatlo o le mong o laolang tsamaiso. Ponaletso, botsitso, le botshepehi di netefatswa ka mekgwa ya ho dumellana.
Mmaraka oa lefats'e oa blockchain o ne o nkoa e le oa bohlokoa hoo e ka bang $29 bilione ka 2024 mme e lebelletsoe ho imena habeli ka 2025.
Batho ba fetang limilione tse 560 - hoo e ka bang 4% ea baahi ba lefats'e - ba sebelisitse blockchain ka 2025, 'me kamohelo e eketseha ka potlako ho tloha ho lichelete tsa setso ho ea ho linyeoe tsa tšebeliso ea bareki.
Smart Contracts
Lingoliloeng tse ikemetseng tse hlophisitsoeng ho blockchain, tse tiisang litumellano ka bohona ha maemo a boletsoeng esale pele a fihleloa. Ba felisa li-intermediaries tsa trust mme ba nolofalletsa lits'ebetso tse arolelanoang (dApps).
Mmaraka oa likonteraka tse bohlale o lebelletsoe ho hola ho $2.69 bilione ka 2025, o nyolohela ho feta $ 12 bilione ka 2032.
Ho pholletsa le Ethereum, 59% ea likonteraka tsa konteraka ka 2024 li ne li kenyelletsa likonteraka tse ngata tse bohlale, ho senola ho rarahana le botebo ba tšebeliso ea lefatše la sebele.
Matlotlo a Dijithale le Li-Tokens
Sena se kenyelletsa li-cryptocurrensets (joalo ka BTC le ETH), li-stablecoins tse hahelletsoeng ho fiat, NFTs tse emelang thepa e ikhethang ea dijithale kapa ea 'mele, tekano ea tokenized, kapa thepa ea lefatše ea sebele (RWAs).
Boholo ba 'maraka oa tokenization bo phatlohile: Li-tokens tsa thepa ea sebele ea lefatše (RWA) li feta 260% ho H1 2025, e fihlang ho liranta tse limilione tse likete tse 23.
Boprofeta bo fana ka maikutlo a hore lichelete tse kopanetsoeng, li-bond le li-equities li ka hola ho fihla ho $50 bilione ha selemo se fela, 'me li ka ba $2 trillion ho isa ho $4 trillion ka 2030.
Ka kopanelo, lintlafatso tsena li fetola tsela eo boleng bo hlahisoang ka eona, bo arolelanoang le ho sireletsoa. Web3 ha e ntlafatse marang-rang feela-e e nahana hape: mokhoa oo barupeluoa ba nang le liporo, eseng liforomo; moo logic e qobelloang ka khoutu, eseng likonteraka; le moo kenyeletso le ponaletso di bopang maemo a matjha.
Web3 e fapane joang le Web2?
Leha mantsoe a atisa ho fetoleloa ka mokhoa o fapaneng, Web2 le Web3 li emela mekhoa e fapaneng haholo ea ho aha le ho sebetsa marang-rang. Web2 ke Marang-rang joalo ka ha re e tseba — ea sechaba, ea mehala, e bohareng. Web3 e nahana hape ka sistimi eo e nang le matla a puso, meaho e se nang ts'epo, le matlafatso ea basebelisi motheong oa eona. Mona ke kamoo tse peli li bokellanang kateng:
Centralization khahlano le Decentralization
Phetoho e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea filosofi lipakeng tsa Web2 le Web3 ke moo taolo e leng teng.
Ho Web2, linatla tsa thekenoloji le li-server tse bohareng li sebelisana 'moho - ho tloha ho phatlalatso ea litaba ho isa ho netefatsa boitsebiso le ho laola litefo. Web3 e fetola mofuta oo, e sebelisa marang-rang a ajoang a blockchain ho lumella mang kapa mang ho nka karolo ntle le ho feta molebeli oa heke. Basebelisi ba sebelisana le liprothokholo tse bulehileng le li-platform tse laoloang ke sechaba ho fapana le likoporasi.
Beng le Taolo ea Lintlha
Lintlha tsa hau ke chelete - empa ke mang ea tla li sebelisa?
Litšebeletso tsa Web2 hangata li hloka hore basebelisi ba rekise lintlha tsa bona e le phapanyetsano bakeng sa ts'ebetso, ebe ho etsoa chelete ka lipapatso kapa ho rekisoa hape. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Web3 e fa basebelisi taolo ea cryptographic holim'a data ea bona. Ka li-wallet, li-IDDs, le theknoloji ea ho boloka lekunutu, basebelisi ba ka khetha hore na data ea bona e sebelisoa joang le ho etsa chelete joang - haeba ho hang.
Tšepa ka Khoutu, Eseng Mekhatlo
Litsamaiso tsa setso li hloka batho ba boraro ba tšepahalang ho netefatsa boitsebahatso le ho tiisa litumellano.
Web3 e felisa ho itšetleha hoo ka ho kenya melao le logic ho khoutu. Likonteraka tse bohlale li etsa litšebelisano ka botsona ha maemo a fihletsoe, 'me tumellano ea blockchain e netefatsa ho nepahala ha data ntle le ho hloka arbiter e bohareng. Seo se bolela tieho e fokolang, bomenemene bo fokolang, 'me ha ho hlokahale hore u tšepe sethala-u tšepa protocol.
Rollercoaster Ride ea Crypto: Seo e se Bolelang ho Web3
'Maraka oa li-crypto o 'nile oa mamella ho hloka botsitso ho feteletseng,' me Bitcoin le Ethereum ba ntse ba eketseha ka 2024-feela ho tobana le khalemelo e 'ngoe mathoasong a 2025. Ho sa tsotellehe sena, lisebelisoa tsa motheo tsa Web3 li 'nile tsa tsoela pele ho hōla, ho paka ho tiea ha eona ho feta ho fetoha ha theko. Ho tloha ka Phato 2025, BTC e robehile Nako eohle e Phahameng (ATH) litheko makhetlo a mangata 'me ETH e haufi le ATH ea eona. Sena se supa boemo bo holimo ba kholiseho matlotlong a dijithale
Pherekano ea 'Maraka khahlano le Kholiso e tsitsitseng ea Web3
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Crypto's Wild Swings: Kamora kopano ea Bitcoin ea 2024 (e holimo ho $ 70K) le tumello ea Ethereum ea ETF, mebaraka e ile ea theoha 'me ea hlaphoheloa ka 2025-empa ho amoheloa ha Web3 ho ile ha tsoela pele ho hloa.
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Taolo le Pholiso: Post-FTX, bolebeli bo thata (MiCA ho EU, tataiso e hlakileng ea US) e thusitse ho tsitsisa indasteri, ho sefa merero e fokolang.
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Mehato ea Setsi: BlackRock, Fidelity, le tse ling li ile tsa theoha habeli ho Bitcoin ETFs, ha Visa le PayPal li ile tsa atolosa khokahanyo ea stablecoin-ho tiisa karolo ea crypto licheleteng.
Khatelo-pele ea Web3 e Khutsitseng (Empa e Tiile).
DeFi & Real-World Assets (RWAs)
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DeFi TVL e ile ea feta $100B ka 2024, ha li-RWAs (lits'oants'o tsa thekiso ea matlo, li-bond) li hola ka 40% ha TradFi e amohela blockchain.
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Hona joale mekhatlo e sebelisa DeFi bakeng sa tsamaiso ea matlotlo (mohlala, MakerDAO's $1B+ ho libonto tsa US).
Web3 Gaming & Social
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Lipapali tse kang Illuvium le Big Time li otla libapali tsa 1M+, ha Farcaster le Lens ba ile ba fumana ts'ebetso e le mekhoa e meng ea Twitter e kentsoeng.
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Li-wallet tse sebetsang tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa Web3 li fihlile 8M+ ka 2025, li bonts'a ts'ebeliso e tsitsitseng ea basebelisi.
Infrastructure & Scaling
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Ntlafatso ea Ethereum Dencun (March 2024) e theotse litefiso tsa L2 ka 90%, e leng se ileng sa matlafatsa kamohelo.
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Ho khutla ha Solana le liketane tse ncha tse kang Berachain li pakile hore scalability ha se pale ea Ethereum feela.
Setšoantšo se Seholo: Web3 Hase Feela Crypto
Ho khaoha lipakeng tsa ho fetoha ha theko ea li-crypto le kholo e tsitsitseng ea Web3 ho totobatsa phetoho ea mantlha: blockchain e fetoha meaho ea bohlokoa, eseng feela sehlopha sa matlotlo se inahaneloang. Ha bahoebi ba ntse ba tsepamisitse maikutlo holim'a kopano e latelang ea Bitcoin, ho nkeloa ka lapeng ha sebele ho ntse ho eketseha ka khutso. Libapali tse kholo tse kang Stripe li tsosolositse litefello tsa li-crypto-lekhetlong lena ka li-stablecoins tse ka sehloohong-e leng sesupo sa hore likhoebo hona joale li bona blockchain e le seporo se sebetsang sa ho lefa.
Ho sa le joalo, khokahano ea Telegraph ea blockchain ea TON e tlisitse li-wallet tsa crypto le lits'ebetso tse pharalletseng ho basebelisi ba eona ba limilione tse 800, e leng se pakang hore ho nkeloa ka lapeng ka bongata ha ho hloke hype - ts'ebeliso e se nang moeli. Le libanka tse bohareng, ho kenyeletsoa European Central Bank (ECB), li ntse li etsa liteko tsa thekiso e kholo Li-CBDC ho Ethereum, e bontšang hore theknoloji e nkoa ka botebo maemong a phahameng ka ho fetisisa a lichelete.
Ke Eng e Latelang bakeng sa Web3?
AI le Web3 li kopana ka merero e kang Bittensor (decentralized AI) le Ocean Protocol (limmaraka tsa data blockchain), ha theknoloji ea lekunutu e kang bopaki ba tsebo e matla e matlafatsa Worldcoin le Aztec-e nolofalletsang litšebelisano tse sireletsehileng, tsa poraefete.
Kamohelo ea setheo e ntse e potlaka, ha Microsoft, Siemens, le JPMorgan ba tsamaisa lifofane tsa blockchain ho hlahisa. Ho tloha ho lateleng lits'ebeletso tsa phepelo, ho arolelana data ka polokeho, kapa matlotlo a tokenized, Web3 e fetoha meaho bakeng sa inthanete e bulehileng haholoanyane, e sebetsang hantle.
Mehlala e meng ea Web3 Lefatšeng la Sebele ke Efe?
Theknoloji ea marang-rang ea marang-rang ha se khopolo-taba feela - litsi tse kholo tsa lefats'e li se li ntse li li sebelisa bakeng sa lichelete, katoloso ea phihlello, le ho sebelisana le bareki.
Phatlalatso ea Media Social - Farcaster
Farcaster o ile a otla basebelisi ba 5M+ ka 2025 e le sebaka sa marang-rang sa marang-rang sa Web3 se etelletseng pele, se sebetsang ho Ethereum se nang le Optimism scaling. "Liforeimi" tsa eona li fetola liphatlalatso hore e be lits'ebetso tse sebelisanang, ha liprofaele tsa basebelisi le mokhoa oa ho etsa chelete ka kotloloho li nkela lipapatso le li-algorithms. Sena se paka hore maemo a sechaba a ka qothisana lehlokoa le li-platform tsa setso ha a ntse a fa basebelisi taolo.
Lipapali tsa Web3 - pula
Ka libapali tsa khoeli le khoeli tsa 1.2M, Immutable X RPG ena e bonts'a papali ea AAA e sebetsa ho blockchain. Libapali li na le matlotlo a NFT a sebelisanang 'moho,' me meputso e thehiloeng tsebong e nkela mefuta e boima haholo. E beha maemo bakeng sa moruo oa mofuta o latelang oa lipapali.
Web3 Infrastructure - EigenLayer
Theko ea $15B ho tsosolosa protocol lumella liketane tse ncha ho hira ts'ireletso ea Ethereum ho e-na le ho iketsetsa tsa bona. Li-L1 tse kholo joalo ka Solana joale lia e sebelisa, li fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho qala. "AWS ena ea li-blockchains" e potlakisa kholo ea tikoloho.
Tokenization - BlackRock BUIDL
Letlole la matlotlo la tokenized $ 12B le tlisa TradFi ho Ethereum ka metsana ea 24/7. Bareki ba fumana kotulo e ikemetseng e lefuoang ho li-wallet tsa crypto joalo ka MetaMask. Borokho bona lipakeng tsa mafatše bo fetola lichelete bocha.
Kamohelo ea Setheo - JPMorgan Onyx
E sebetsa ka $ 1B letsatsi le leng le le leng, marang-rang ana a lumelletsoeng a Ethereum a sebetsana le li-bond, khauta le mokitlane oa botho. Ho sebelisana le MAS ea Singapore ho CBDCs, e kopana le litlhoko tse tiileng tsa ho latela melao. Kamohelo ea Wall Street ea blockchain e teng mona.
Litefiso tsa Crypto - Tšoaea
Stripe e ile ea tsosolosa litefo tsa crypto ka 2024 ka libaka tsa bolulo tsa stablecoin, hona joale li sebetsana le limilione tsa litšebelisano tsa letsatsi le letsatsi bakeng sa Shopify, Discord, le li-platform tse ling tse kholo. Ka ho fetolela crypto ho fiat ka bo eona, likhoebo li qoba ho hloka botsitso ha li ntse li fihlella litefo tsa lefats'e tse potlakileng, tse theko e tlase. Stripe e bontša hore litefo tsa crypto li se li loketse khoebo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ka bongata.
Na Web3 e Tšoanang le Metaverse?
Che, le hoja likhopolo tse peli li atisa ho boleloa ka phefumoloho e le 'ngoe, Web3 le metaverse li bua ka mahlale a fapaneng haholo le lipono tsa bokamoso ba tšebelisano ea dijithale.
Web3 e shebane le ho aha bocha marang-rang a marang-rang ho sebelisa theknoloji ea blockchain. Sepheo sa eona sa mantlha ke ho arola beng, taolo, le phapanyetsano ea boleng.
Litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa:
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Meaho ea motheo (blockchains)
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Lintlha tsa mosebelisi le boitsebiso
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Litšusumetso tse thehiloeng ho matšoao
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Smart contract automation
Lisebelisoa (dApps) tse sebetsang ntle le li-server tse bohareng
Nahana ka Web3 e le scaffolding e sa bonahaleng e lumellang basebelisi ho sebelisana, ho fetola le ho laola libaka tsa dijithale ntle le ho itšetleha ka balebeli ba liheke tsa Big Tech.
Protocol ea DeFi e hahiloeng ho Ethereum e lumella basebelisi ho rekisa li-tokens kapa ho alima chelete ntle le banka leha e le efe e bohareng kapa morekisi.
Metaverse, ka lehlakoreng le leng, e bua ka tikoloho e phehellang, e qoelisoang, ea 3D moo basebelisi ba ka sebelisanang ka li-avatars-hangata ka nako ea nnete. Libaka tsena li etselitsoe ho ba tsa boiphihlelo le tsa sechaba, tse kopanyang lipapali, boithabiso, mosebetsi le khoebo. Decentraland le The Sandbox li fana ka lefats'e la maemo a fapaneng moo basebelisi ba ka rekang mobu oa sebele, ho ea likonsarete, kapa ho hlahloba liphihlelo tse tsebahalang.
Le ha Web3 e le lisebelisoa tsa motheo, metaverse ke boiphihlelo. Tse peli lia kopana ha litsamaiso tse thehiloeng ho blockchain li sebelisoa ho:
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Thepa ea rona ea metaverse (mohlala, mobu, liaparo, lisebelisoa) ka li-NFTs
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Phapanyetsano ea boleng ba moruo oa metaverse o sebelisa crypto
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Laola li-platform tsa sebele ka li-DAO le likhetho tsa token
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Boloka boitsebahatso ka liwallet tsa dijithale tse amohetsoeng kapa mangolo a netefatso a marang-rang
Ka mohlala, ho Sandbox, basebelisi ba reka mobu oa sebele e le NFTs, ba lefa ka $ SAND (crypto token), 'me ba sebelisa likonteraka tse bohlale ho hira, ho rekisa, kapa ho ntlafatsa libaka-tse tsamaisoang ke liporo tsa Web3.
Ke Matšoenyeho afe a Mang ho pota Web3?
Leha Web3 e se e netefalitse ts'ebeliso ea eona ea lefats'e ea 'nete litabeng tsa lichelete-ho hlaka ka taolo, boiphihlelo ba mosebelisi, le ts'ireletso li tlameha ho fetoha ho ts'ehetsa ho nkeloa ka lapeng ka bongata ho sala:
Ho hloka bonnete ba Taolo
Batsamaisi ba lefats'e ba sokola ho sebelisa melao ea KYC, AML, le securities ho litsamaiso tse arolelanoang, ho baka likotsi tsa molao. Leha metheo e joalo ka MiCA ea EU e theha melao ea motheo, mofuta o ikhethileng oa DeFi le litšebelisano tsa ho tšela meeli li hloka ho hlahlobisisoa ho tsoelang pele bakeng sa ts'ebetso e sebetsang.
Ho rarahana ha UX
Ho laola li-wallet, lipoleloana tsa peo, le litefiso tsa khase li ntse li khelosa basebelisi bao e seng litsebi tsa theknoloji. Leha ho na le li-wallet tse ntlafalitsoeng (MetaMask, Phantom), ho amoheloa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng ho hloka li-interfaces tse bonolo, tse kang Web2.
Tšireletso & Trust Gaps
Li-hacks, li-rug pulls, le liketso tse bohlale tse ke keng tsa etsolloa li ntse li atile. Ha ho se na thuso ea mantlha (joalo ka ha e bonoa ho FTX / Terra e putlama), ts'ireletso ea bareki e salletse ka morao ho litekanyetso tsa Web2.
Leha ho le joalo, motheo oa Web3 o se o le teng. Web3 ha se bokamoso bo inahaneloang; ke ntho e sebetsang e ntseng e lekanngoa. JPMorgan e sebetsana le $ 1B letsatsi le leng le le leng khoebong ea thepa ea tokenized, letlole la matlotlo la tokenized la $ 12B la BlackRock le sebetsa ho Ethereum, 'me li-stablecoins li se li lefa litrillione litefong tse tšelang meeli. Tsena ha se liteko; ke mekhoa ea boemo ba tlhahiso e rarollang ho se sebetse hantle licheleteng tsa lefats'e.
Phetohelo ea Web3: Hobaneng e sa tsoa Qala
Web3 ha e bue feela ka ho arola mebuso—ke motheo oa inthanete e bulehileng haholoanyane, e laoloang ke basebelisi moo boleng bo phallelang ka kotloloho ho baqapi le bankakarolo. Ho tloha ho lichelete tsa tokenized ho ea ho media media e phatlalalitsoeng, phetoho ena e hlalosa bocha mokhoa oa ho fapanyetsana matlotlo, ho netefatsa boitsebahatso, le ho sebelisana 'moho inthaneteng.
Ha e sa le mathoasong, kholo ea Web3 e bontša phetoho tseleng eo re nahanang ka eona ka tšepo, boitsebiso, le tšebelisano-'moho Inthaneteng.Bokamoso ba Web3 bo tla bōptjoa ke theknoloji e ntseng e hlaha e kang bopaki ba tsebo ea ho ba boinotšing, likonteraka tse bohlale tse tsamaisoang ke AI, le mekhoa ea motheo ea setsi sa blockchain. Ho lula pele ho bolela ho utloisisa mekhoa ena pele ho nako, ho tseba menyetla le ho laola likotsi ka nako.
Bakeng sa ba batlang ho hlahloba hore na meaho ea li-crypto e thusa joang boqapi ba Web3 - ho tloha meahong e ka senyehang, e tsamaellanang ea khoebo, Li-wallet tsa MPC ho Tumellano-joaloka-Tshebeletso- ikopanye le ChainUp ho aha khoebo ea hau ea dijithale ea moloko o latelang.
